'Major setback' for the English camp as Atkinson goes off due to a hamstring issue.
The pace bowler added to the fitness woes of the England squad after leaving the field on the second morning in the Melbourne Test versus the Australians.
The right-arm seamer felt a problem in his left hamstring immediately following a delivery of the fourth over at the MCG.
The England team reported the 27-year-old felt some "soreness" and was to take time on the sidelines in order to be assessed "over the next few hours".
The final Test in this Ashes battle at the SCG gets underway at the end of the week.
The English side has previously lost key quicks Mark Wood to a knee injury and Jofra Archer to a side strain on the current trip.
Matthew Fisher was added to the party to provide backup.
His form was underwhelming in the opening two Tests, taking just a handful of scalps.
He was omitted from the previous Test, only to be brought back for the fourth Test to fill the void.
The county bowler performed better in the fourth Test, claiming a couple of wickets in Australia's first innings, and scoring 28 runs while batting as one of just three England players who passed ten runs.
Post a single over in Australia's second innings, he returned for the second day's play and removed Scott Boland edging to the keeper.
However, towards the conclusion of his spell, he sent down a variation to the batsman and promptly felt for his hamstring.
The English bowler was recalled for the Boxing Day Test after being left out of the third.
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